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DNA Double Strand Break Repair and Its Control by Nucleosome Remodeling

Review article in Frontiers in Genetics from the Pfander Lab

12.01.2022

Leonhard Andreas Karl, Martina Peritore, Lorenzo Galanti and Boris Pfander (12 January 2022) DNA Double Strand Break Repair and Its Control by Nucleosome Remodeling. Front. Genet., https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.821543


Abstract cited from the article:

DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired in eukaryotes by one of several cellular mechanisms. The decision-making process controlling DSB repair takes place at the step of DNA end resection, the nucleolytic processing of DNA ends, which generates single-stranded DNA overhangs. Dependent on the length of the overhang, a corresponding DSB repair mechanism is engaged. Interestingly, nucleosomes—the fundamental unit of chromatin—influence the activity of resection nucleases and nucleosome remodelers have emerged as key regulators of DSB repair. Nucleosome remodelers share a common enzymatic mechanism, but for global genome organization specific remodelers have been shown to exert distinct activities. Specifically, different remodelers have been found to slide and evict, position or edit nucleosomes. It is an open question whether the same remodelers exert the same function also in the context of DSBs. Here, we will review recent advances in our understanding of nucleosome remodelers at DSBs: to what extent nucleosome sliding, eviction, positioning and editing can be observed at DSBs and how these activities affect the DSB repair decision.